Séminaire

Alexander Martin

(Laboratoire de Linguistique Formelle, Université de Paris)

Mercredi 8 décembre 2021

15h-16h LPL, salle de conférences B011

Studying constraints on language change: a synchronic approach

Résumé :

Languages evolve under a large swath of different pressures, but biases in the ways languages are learned and transmitted can explain why certain patterns are so recurrent cross-linguistically.  In this talk, I will present experimental evidence attempting to shed light on the underpinnings of a couple of cross-linguistic regularities.  Specifically, I will review a project on learning biases favouring phonetically-motivated (aka “natural”) rules, focussing on the typologically frequent rule of vowel harmony compared to the formally similar but unattested rule of vowel disharmony (Martin & Peperkamp, 2020; Martin & White, 2021).  I will then discuss the so-called suffixing preference and show evidence that typological regularities may not always find their basis in cognitive constraints (Martin & Culbertson, 2020).  I will then turn to a project looking at the link between individual-level perception and production in language contact by considering the emergence of the phoneme /g/ in European Dutch (Martin et al., in revision) and propose how the methodology used in that project can be expanded to study the time course of contact-induced change.  I will briefly sum up by proposing a dual approach to the study of mechanisms underlying language change that considers biases situated both in the individual and in interaction.